Definition Of X、Y、Z Axis：
In order to determine the movement direction and movement distance of the machine tool, a coordinate system must be established on the machine tool to describe the relative position of the tool and the workpiece and its changing relationship.
Extend the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the right hand at 90° to each other, pointing in the positive direction. Then the thumb represents the X coordinate, the index finger represents the Y coordinate, and the middle finger represents the Z coordinate. Regulations of the standard coordinate system: The standard coordinate system is a rectangular coordinate system. According to the regulations of the right-handed rectangular coordinate system, the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the right hand are stretched out and are 90° from each other, pointing in the positive direction. Then the thumb represents the X coordinate, the index finger represents the Y coordinate, and the middle finger represents the Z coordinate. According to ISO regulations, when describing the motion of CNC machine tools, the left-handed rectangular coordinate system is used; the coordinate axis parallel to the main shaft is defined as the Z axis, and the rotation coordinates around the X, Y, and Z axes are A, B, and C, respectively.
The movement of the Z coordinate axis is determined by the spindle that transmits the cutting force. The standard coordinate axis parallel to the spindle is the Z coordinate axis, and its positive direction is the direction of increasing the distance between the tool and the workpiece. The Y coordinate axis is determined according to the X and Z coordinate axes and according to the right-hand Cartesian coordinate system.
Five-axis Linkage：
Five-axis linkage is a term of numerical control. The linkage is that the axes of the CNC machine tool reach a certain set point at a certain speed at the same time. Five-axis linkage means that all five axes can be used. Five-axis CNC machine tool is a high-tech, high-precision machine tool specially used for processing complex curved surfaces. , has a significant influence. Equipment manufacturing is the cornerstone of a country’s industry. It provides important means for the development of new technologies and new products and modern industrial production, and is an indispensable strategic industry. Even the developed industrialized countries attach great importance to it.
Usually five-axis linkage means that in addition to the X, Y, and Z axes, there is a rotation axis and a swing axis. The rotation axis can be the A axis or the B or C axis. The rotation axis can be rotated 360 degrees. The swing axis is one of the remaining two axes (such as the A axis) after the rotation axis has been defined. B or C), the swing shaft can only swing within a certain angle (such as plus or minus 90 degrees) and cannot rotate 360 degrees.
For example, some turntables in horizontal machining centers belong to the rotary axis, so this is a four-axis linkage, and the manipulator is not the fifth axis. If a swing axis is added to the turntable, it can form a five-axis. The axis that rotates around X is called the A axis, and the axes that rotate around the Y and Z axes are called the B and C axes.
The rotation direction is stipulated by the right-hand spiral rule. The four fingers follow the rotation direction of the axis. The thumb and the coordinate axis are in the same direction as the positive rotation of the axis, otherwise it is the reverse rotation of the axis. Rotation direction of the coordinate axis.
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